File:The botany of Iceland (1912) (20405626445).jpg

Title: The botany of Iceland
Identifier: botanyoficeland0101kold (find matches)
Year: 1912 (1910s)
Authors: Kolderup Rosenvinge, L. (Lauritz), 1858-1939; Warming, Eugenius, 1841-1924
Subjects: Botany -- Iceland
Publisher: Copenhagen, J. Frimodt
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

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220 THORODDSEN jokull, and extends down to the south coast near Eyrarbakki, covers an area of 1550 square km. In the low land this lava-field is covered by a thick layer of soil upon which dense settlements have arisen. In addition, extensive lava-fields (1530 square km.), which originated from 28 volcanoes, occur on Reykjanes; and upon the plateau on either side of Langjokull, there are also other large lava- fields (1030 square km.) of which Hallmundarhraun is the best known; in it is the lava-cavern, Surtshellir, which is P/z km. in
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Fig. 7. Lava-stream (apalhraun); upon the outer south-west slope of Dyngjufjoll. (Phot. Heinrich Erkes.) length. Large tracts of lava occur also around Hekla, near Myvatn, Kelduhverfi and in several other places. The surface of the lava-streams varies greatly; often it is very rugged and jagged and is then, in Iceland, called apalhraun, and in the Sandwich Islands, aa. Such streams consist exclusively of porous and brittle lava and slaggy fragments heaped together pell- mell. Such lava-streams are comparatively narrow, with high edges which, seen from a distance, look like fences or ridges upon the level land. A lava-stream of this description is very difficult to cross, owing to the fragments being put together so loosely that they are disturbed by the slightest touch. Other lava-fields, especially the

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